State and trait cheerfulness and the induction of exhilaration

نویسنده

  • Willibald Ruch
چکیده

The present paper examines whether state and trait cheerfulness represent actual and habitual dispositions for the emotion of exhilaration. In Experiment I, 60 research participants were involved in a 10-minute interaction with a clowning vs. neutral experimenter. Individuals high in trait cheerfulness, as assessed by the State-Trait-Cheerfulness Inventory (STCI), displayed facial signs of exhilaration with higher frequency, intensity, and duration than did low cheerful individuals. In Experiment II (N = 60), the experimenter was instructed to laugh or not laugh at certain preselected scenes while watching a movie. The experimenter’s laughter facilitated enjoyment displays among individuals high in state cheerfulness, but not among those low in state cheerfulness. In both experiments, smiling and laughter predicted the subsequent mood level. DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040.2.4.328 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: http://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-77512 Accepted Version Originally published at: Ruch, Willibald (1997). State and trait cheerfulness and the induction of exhilaration: A FACS study. European Psychologist, 2(4):328-341. DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040.2.4.328 This manuscript was published as: Ruch, W. (1997). State and trait cheerfulness and the induction of exhilaration: A FACS study. European Psychologist, 2, 328-341. The Emotion of Exhilaration.............................................................................................................1 A State-Trait Model of Cheerfulness ...................................................................................................2 Facet Structure of the Traits ........................................................................................................2 Facet Structure of the States........................................................................................................2 Cheerfulness and the Induction of Exhilaration......................................................................................4 Experiment I: Trait Cheerfulness as a Disposition for Exhilaration ...........................................................5 Methods ........................................................................................................................................5 Research participants .................................................................................................................5 Procedure.................................................................................................................................5 Instruments and Measurement......................................................................................................5 Results..........................................................................................................................................6 Is Trait Cheerfulness a Disposition for Exhilaration? .......................................................................6 Does Trait Cheerfulness Moderate the Mood Changes?.....................................................................6 Is there a Reciprocal Relationship between State Exhilaratability and Exhilaration? ...............................7 Extraversion and Trait Cheerfulness..............................................................................................7 Discussion.....................................................................................................................................8 Experiment II: State Cheerfulness as a Disposition for Exhilaration..........................................................8 Methods ........................................................................................................................................9 Research participants .................................................................................................................9 Procedure.................................................................................................................................9 Material ..................................................................................................................................9 Instruments and Measurement.................................................................................................... 10 Results........................................................................................................................................ 10 State Cheerfulness, Experimenter's ............................................................................................. 10 Discussion................................................................................................................................... 11 Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................... 12 References.................................................................................................................................... 12 Table headings.............................................................................................................................. 18 Figure captions............................................................................................................................. 18 State and trait cheerfulness and the induction of exhilaration Willibald Ruch University of Düsseldorf, Germany The present paper examines whether state and trait cheerfulness represent actual and habitual dispositions for the emotion of exhilaration, respectively. In Experiment I, 60 research participants were involved in a 10-minute interaction with a clowning vs. neutral experimenter. Individuals high in trait cheerfulness, as assessed by the State-Trait-Cheerfulness-Inventory (STCI), displayed facial signs of exhilaration with higher frequency, intensity and duration than the low cheerful individuals did. In Experiment II ( N = 60), the experimenter was instructed to laugh or not laugh at certain preselected scenes while watching a movie. The experimenter's laughter facilitated enjoyment displays among individuals high in state cheerfulness but not among individuals low in state cheerfulness. In both experiments, smiling and laughter predicted the subsequent

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تاریخ انتشار 2016